Say What You Want in Japanese: 〜たい (want to do) vs. ほしい (want a thing)
Ever wanted to say “I want to eat sushi” or “I want a camera” in Japanese? Today you’ll learn two super useful patterns: 〜たい (want to do) and ほしい (want a thing). We’ll keep it practical with everyday examples, quick rules, and bite-sized exercises so you can use them right away.
1) 〜たい: “want to do” (verbs)
To say you want to do an action, attach たい to the verb stem (the ます-stem).
- 食べる (to eat) → 食べたい (I want to eat)
- 行く (to go) → 行きたい (I want to go)
- 読む (to read) → 読みたい (I want to read)
Polite: add です at the end.
- 食べたいです。I want to eat.
Important: 〜たい behaves like an i-adjective. So negatives and past follow i-adjective rules:
- 食べたくない (don’t want to eat)
- 食べたくないです (polite)
- 食べたかった (wanted to eat)
- 食べたくなかった (didn’t want to eat)
Particles: With 〜たい, the object is usually marked with を (more common). が can also appear to emphasize the desired thing. At A2, you can safely use を.
| Pronoun | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Plain present | 食べたい |
| Polite present | 食べたいです |
| Plain negative | 食べたくない |
| Polite negative | 食べたくないです |
| Plain past | 食べたかった |
| Plain past negative | 食べたくなかった |
土曜日に友だちと映画をです。
Examples you can say today
- 今日は家で休みたいです。I want to rest at home today.
- 明日、海へ行きたいです。I want to go to the beach tomorrow.
- 日本語の本を読みたいです。I want to read a Japanese book.
Try using your own hobbies: “サッカーをしたいです。/ コーヒーを飲みたいです。”
Start with わたしは (topic), then time, object を, verb-stem + たいです.
2) ほしい: “want (a thing)” (nouns)
Use ほしい when you want a thing (a noun). The wanted item is marked with が.
- カメラがほしいです。I want a camera.
- 新しい靴がほしいです。I want new shoes.
- 水がほしいです。I want water. (Sounds like “I’d like some water.”)
Negatives/past are also i-adjective patterns:
- 〜がほしくないです (don’t want ~)
- 〜がほしかったです (wanted ~)
Tip: You can add とても to emphasize: カメラがとてもほしいです。I really want a camera.
わたしは日本のりょこうガイドです。
たい vs. ほしい quick check
- 動詞 (do something) → 〜たい: 寿司を食べたい。I want to eat sushi.
- 名詞 (a thing) → ほしい: 寿司がほしい。I want sushi (the item itself).
In many situations, English “I want X” can be either in Japanese. If you mean “to do,” use 〜たい. If you mean “to have/get,” use ほしい.
Politeness and culture notes
- In shops/restaurants, saying 〜がほしいです can sound a bit direct. It’s more natural to say the item + をお願いします (please) or item + ください (please give me). For example: 水をください。Can I have some water?
- When talking about someone else’s desire, avoid using 〜たい/ほしい directly. Use special forms (see below).
- Softening your want can be polite: コーヒーがあればうれしいです。I’d be happy if there’s coffee. 今日は早く帰りたいんですが… I’d like to go home early today… (soft request tone).
Practice: choose the right pattern
Try these and check your understanding.
Mini drill: quick blanks
Convert the idea into natural Japanese. Keep it polite (〜です).
わたしは今、ラーメンをです。
夏に新しいサングラス。
Wrap-up
- 〜たい = want to do (verb). Usually use を for the object. It behaves like an i-adjective: 〜たくない/〜たかった.
- ほしい = want (a thing). The wanted item takes が: 〜がほしい/〜がほしくない.
- For other people’s wants, use 〜たがっている/ほしがっている.
- In shops, use ください/お願いします to sound natural and polite.
Try making 3 sentences about your day:
- One thing you want to do (〜たいです)
- One thing you don’t want to do (〜たくないです)
- One thing you want (〜がほしいです)
Small, consistent practice will make these forms feel natural. がんばって!