Get Around in Japan: Essential Japanese Transportation Vocabulary (電車・バス・地下鉄) [A2]
Planning a trip or commute in Japan? With the right Japanese words and phrases, you can buy tickets, ask for directions, and switch lines like a pro. In this A2-friendly guide, you’ll learn the must-know transportation vocabulary, the key particles that make your sentences work, and real phrases you’ll actually use on trains, buses, and in taxis.
Core transport words you’ll use every day
Here are the essentials you’ll hear at stations, on signs, and in announcements. Read them out loud and picture the real situation.
- 電車 (でんしゃ) = train
- 地下鉄 (ちかてつ) = subway/metro
- バス = bus
- タクシー = taxi
- 新幹線 (しんかんせん) = bullet train
- 駅 (えき) = (train) station
- バス停 (ばすてい) = bus stop
- 改札口 (かいさつぐち) = ticket gate
- 切符 (きっぷ) = ticket
- ICカード = rechargeable transit card (Suica, PASMO)
- 乗り換え (のりかえ) = transfer (between lines)
Verbs and the particles that matter
These three verbs appear everywhere in transport talk:
- 乗る (のる) = to ride; to get on
- 電車に乗ります。 I get on the train.
- 降りる (おりる) = to get off
- 駅で電車を降ります。 I get off the train at the station.
- 乗り換える (のりかえる) = to transfer
- 渋谷で地下鉄に乗り換えます。 I transfer to the subway at Shibuya.
Particles you need:
- で = by means/with (transport): バスで行きます。
- に = destination/to; also used with 乗る: 電車に乗ります。
- を = direct object; used with 降りる: 電車を降ります。
- から/まで = from/to: 東京から大阪まで。
バス駅に行きます。
次の駅で電車降ります。
| Pronoun | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| polite present | 乗ります |
| polite negative | 乗りません |
| polite past | 乗りました |
| polite past negative | 乗りませんでした |
At the station: phrases that get you moving
- 〜はどこですか。 Where is ~?
- 例: 中央線のホームはどこですか。 Where is the Chūō Line platform?
- 何番線ですか。 Which platform number?
- 〜まで切符をください。 A ticket to ~, please.
- いくらですか。 How much is it?
- 〜で乗り換えます。 I transfer at ~.
Taxi tip:
- 〜までお願いします。 To ~, please.
- 例: 渋谷までお願いします。
At the ticket counter: “A ticket to Shinjuku, please.”
Cultural notes: smooth riding in Japan
- ICカード (Suica, PASMO) are king. Tap in at 改札口 (ticket gate) and tap out. You can recharge at 券売機 (ticket machines) or convenience stores.
- Line and platform culture: People queue in lines where the doors will stop. Let passengers get off first, then board.
- Quiet cars everywhere: Phone calls are discouraged on trains. Set your phone to マナーモード (silent).
- Priority seats (優先席): Offer your seat to the elderly, pregnant, injured, or those with small children.
- Escalator etiquette differs by region: In Tokyo people usually stand on the left; in Osaka, on the right. Follow the flow.
- Signs are often bilingual, but announcements can be fast. Listen for key words: 次は… (Next is…), 乗り換え (transfer), 各駅停車 (local), 快速 (rapid).
Quick recap and practice ideas
- Vehicles: 電車・地下鉄・バス・タクシー・新幹線
- Places and things: 駅・バス停・改札口・切符・ICカード
- Verbs: 乗る (に) / 降りる (を) / 乗り換える / 行く
- Particles: で (by), に (to/ride), を (off), から/まで (from/to)
Practice ideas:
- At the station: Ask a friend, 「中央線のホームはどこですか。」 and answer with a number: 「3番線です。」
- At the counter: Say, 「渋谷まで切符をください。」 Then ask, 「いくらですか。」
- On your commute (or in your head): Narrate what you do: 「電車に乗って、池袋で乗り換えます。」
You’ve got this! Keep listening for keywords like 次は… and 乗り換え, and soon you’ll glide through stations like a local.