Talk About the Weather in French (A1): il fait, il y a, il pleut
Small talk starter pack, en français! Weather is one of the easiest ways to practice speaking with native speakers. In this A1-friendly guide, you’ll learn the core French patterns to say it’s hot, cold, sunny, windy, rainy—and how to ask about the weather politely. We’ll practice right away with quick exercises so the phrases stick.
The 3 essential patterns for weather in French
French uses impersonal expressions (with "il") to talk about weather. Learn these three patterns and you can describe most days:
- il fait + adjective/noun (feels/conditions)
- il fait chaud, il fait froid, il fait beau, il fait mauvais, il fait 20 degrés
- il y a + noun (there is/are…)
- il y a du soleil, il y a du vent, il y a des nuages, il y a un orage
- il + verb (weather verbs)
- il pleut, il neige
Let’s see them in action.
Aujourd’hui, il .
Ask and answer about the weather
Here are useful A1 question–answer pairs. Practice saying them out loud.
| Pronoun | Conjugation |
|---|---|
| je | fais |
| tu | fais |
| il/elle/on | fait |
| nous | faisons |
| vous | faites |
| ils/elles | font |
Quick weather vocabulary you’ll actually use
Tap through these cards and repeat the examples.
Seasons and simple patterns
- Au printemps, il y a parfois des nuages, mais il fait doux.
- En été, il fait chaud et il y a du soleil.
- En automne, il y a du vent et de la pluie.
- En hiver, il fait froid et il neige (dans certaines régions).
Try building a sentence yourself.
Start with the season (En hiver, …)
En automne, il y des nuages.
Il est soleil. → Il y a du soleil. Use il y a + noun for what you can see. Soleil is a noun, not an adjective.Put the mini-dialogue in order
Reorder the lines to make a natural short conversation about the weather.
Quick recap
- il fait + adjective/noun → feeling/temperature: il fait chaud, il fait froid, il fait 20 degrés
- il y a + noun → what you see: il y a du soleil/du vent/des nuages
- il + verb → action: il pleut, il neige
Keep these three in mind and you can describe almost any day. Your turn: look out the window and say two sentences—one with il fait… and one with il y a…. Puis, ajoutez il pleut ou il neige si c’est vrai. Bon courage !